Addisons Disease - Hypocortisolism Essay Example for Free

Addisons Disease Hypocortisolism Essay Addison’s disease, also known as Hypocortisolism, is a disorder in which your adrenal glands produce too little cortisol and often insufficient levels of aldosterone. (Mayo) Addison’s disease is usually caused by a destruction of the adrenal cortex which produces two important steroid hormones, cortisol and aldosterone. Cortisol mobilizes nutrients, modifies bodily responses to inflammation, stimulates the rise in blood sugar levels in the liver, and controls the amount of water in the body. Aldosterone regulates the salt and water levels which affect blood pressure and blood volume. Hpathy) in the United State, 40-60 people out of every 1 million will have Addison’s disease. (WebMD) Some risk factors for Addisons disease include autoimmune diseases such as: Chronic thyroiditis, Dermatis herpetiformis, Graves disease, Hypoparathyroidism, Hypopituitarism, Myasthenia gravis, Pernicious anemia, Testicular dysfunction, Type I diabetes, and Vitiligo. (A. D. A. M. ) The symptoms of Addison ’s disease usually begin gradually. Some characteristics of the disease are chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, and unusual weight loss. See more: Homeless satire essay About fifty percent of the time, one will notice nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other more serious symptoms include low blood pressure that falls further when standing, causing dizziness or fainting, and skin changes with areas of hyperpigmentation, or dark tanning, covering exposed and nonexposed parts of the body. (MedicineNet. com) Your doctor may suspect you of having Addisons disease from your medical history and physical examination and if blood tests show high potassium, low sodium, and high levels of certain types of white blood cells. If your doctor does suspect Addisons disease, you will have another blood test to determine your cortisol level. If necessary, X-rays, such as a CT scan or MRI, can also be used to determine damages to the adrenal glands. (WebMD) Since Addisons disease is caused by the lack of cortisol and aldosterone, the treatment is to replace these with similar steroids. Cortisol is usually replaced orally by hydrocortisone or cortisone acetate divided into morning and afternoon doses. Aldosterone is replaced by an aldosterone-like synthetic steroid, fludrocortisone tablets given once daily. Since Addisons disease is a chronic condition, daily replacement of medication can never be stopped. Patients with Addisons disease should also be taught to treat minor illnesses with extra salt, fluids and extra hydrocortisone. This is especially important if fever, vomiting or diarrhea is present. (Margulies) Some complications may occur if you take too little or too much adrenal hormone supplement. (Memorial Healthcare System) These complications include Hypoglycaemia and adrenal crisis. NHS Choices) Some homeopathic remedies proven to work for this disease include Thuja, Natrum muriaticum, Belladonna, Calcarea carbonica, Iodine, and Phosphorus. But the most homeopathic of all of these remedies is Arsenicum. (Hpathy) But the prognosis for patients with Addison’s disease who are appropriately treated with hydrocortisone and aldosterone is excellent. These patients can expect to enjoy a normal lifespan. Without treatment, or with substandard treatment, patients are always at risk of developing Addisonian crisis which can be fatal. You should call your health care provider if: you are unable to keep your medication down due to vomiting, you have stress such as infection, injury, trauma, or dehydration, your weight increases over a short period of time, your ankles begin to swell, or you develop other new symptoms. (A. D. A. M. Inc. ) There are, sad to say, no guidelines for preventing Addisons disease. But if you think you are at risk, you should talk to your doctor before it’s too late. (Baptist Health Systems) Addison’s disease can become serious and life threatening, so you should stay alert of signs and see a physician annually.

Modernizing Locke’s Natural Rights Essay -- Government

In Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall’s article, â€Å"An African American’s Perspective on the Constitution†, he concedes that the founding father’s Constitution contained numerous imperfections. Marshall feels it was a product of time and tremendous courage that brought forth the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution, which guarantees an individual’s Lockean rights to â€Å"life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness†. Marshall believed the achievements that secured these individuals rights â€Å"belongs to those who refused to acquiesce in outdated notions† of life, liberty, and property. Thus, Marshall points out that the progression of time necessitates the modernization of the Constitution. Thomas Jefferson even anticipated the future evolution of our society and substituted the words â€Å"pursuit of happiness† for â€Å"property† in the Declaration of Independence having realized that someday our values would reshape. As public support for federal involvement has increased overtime, the Constitution is amended to better represent our evolving society. Although current public opinion favors federal support to provide access to healthcare, the design of our government dramatically lengthens the time necessary to implement modernize the Constitution. As the importance in maintaining one’s health has increased in America, the public has demanded the government to provide healthcare, however, the Constitutional prose recognizes the right to health but not the right to healthcare. The current escalating debt the federal government is accumulating to provide funding for programs like Medicaid is increasing the probability the United States will one day default on it’s debt. America’s primitive system of health care, known for its outstanding... ... Society. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown Univ. Pr., 1994. Faunce B.Med., Ph.D., Thomas. Who Own's Your Health: Medical Professionalism and the Market State. Baltimore, Maryland: The John Hopkins University Press, 2007. Marshall, Thurgood. â€Å"An African American’s Perspective on the Constitution† in Shafritz, [edited by] Jay M., and Lee S. Weinberg. Classics in American Government. 3rd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing, 2006. The Declaration of Independence in Wilson, James Q., John J. Dilulio, and Meena Bose. 2011 American Government: Institutions & Policies. Boston, Mass: Wadsworth Pub. Co. Ruger, Jennifer Prah. Health and Social Justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press, USA, 2010. Wilson, James Q., John J. DiIulio, Jr., and with Meena Bose. American Government: Institutions & Policies. 12th ed. Boston, MA.: Wadsworth Publishing, 2011.

Last Chance in Texas

Hubner, John. (2005) Last Chance in Texas: The Redemption of Criminal Youth. New York, NY. Random House Inc. Last Chance in Texas is an eye opening look into the efforts of the juvenile justice system to rehabilitate youth offenders and integrate them back into society. The book chronicles the research of author John Hubner who heard about a facility in Texas that ran an aggressive and one of the most successful, treatment programs in America for violent young offenders. He was particularly curious how a state like Texas, known for its hardcore attitude toward crime, could be a leader in rehabilitating violent and troubled youths.Through a span of over nine months at The Giddings School in Texas, Hubner discovered that making offenders understand their past and how their actions affected others was key to successful rehabilitation. By observing school’s therapists and students, Hubner learned that the rehabilitation process was an intense self realization program that forced o ffenders to review and re-live their past experiences that led up to the crimes they committed. The staff at Giddings challenged offenders to step into their past and visualize their crimes before and after they were committed, as well as the impact of those around them.Different techniques were used help the students remember their pasts that most have tried to forget. Forcing them to recall specific details of their lives and the pain they suffered allowed them to address these experiences that ultimately led to them to violent crime. In most cases, the offenders were victims of violence well before they became violent offenders themselves. It was an emotionally painful and time consuming program designed to reprogram them and their behavior by understanding their own feelings and how their actions affected other people.In the program at The Gidding School there was a specific gang member named Ronnie who was convicted of armed robbery and kidnapping of an elderly couple. Through intense therapy it was learned that he previously suffered from different forms of abuse throughout his life. Family fighting, drug use, poor parental guidance ultimately led to a life of anger and violence. As a child, his mother would often leave Ronnie and his brother Kenny alone while she went out to use drugs. On occasion, his aunt would look after the two boys while their mother was away.Not only did their aunt physically abuse them, but later on their mother’s boyfriend introduced them to using and selling drugs, stealing, and guns. Re-living these memories was as agonizing and traumatic as one could imagine but it was paramount in learning how and why he became the person he did. Many boys at Giddings were convinced that no one loved them, and Ronnie was no exception. Giddings therapists used these sessions to break through the wall he put up thinking that no one loved them or cared what happened to them. More often than not, they were successful reaching students thi s way.One unique approach to developing self worth for the students at Giddings was the organization of a football program where they actually played surrounding schools. Hubner saw that this not only was a great release of aggression but also created a sense of trust and camaraderie among students based on mutual respect. Ironically, it was on the football field where they learned that there are alternatives to the violence they usually used to resolve differences. Unlike many football teams with teenage boys, winning was not the ultimate goal for the players at Giddings. In fact, they lost their final game.However, they all felt a sense of pride and recognition for starting and finishing the football season as a team. The girls at Giddings, on the other hand, were treated somewhat different than their male counterparts. They had different ways of expressing their emotional pain that led to the crimes they committed. Surprisingly, one hundred percent of them had been sexually or ph ysically assaulted. With females, therapist had to dig even deeper than they normally would have with boys. This could be somewhat dangerous since the girls were much more emotional and measurably more violent during therapy sessions.Oddly enough, female fights were more unexpected, viscous, and ended more painfully than those of the boys. One interesting approach in therapy was when parents of murdered children visited the program and told their stories. The idea was to appeal to the inner hearts of the emotionally withdrawn young female offenders. It was thought that females would better identify with the stories of these families and be able to tell their own story. It proved effective as many made great emotional progress and were able to tell their own stories in therapy.One by one all the young women opened up, pouring out their feelings they had been holding inside for so long. It was an incredible experience to witness for everyone in attendance. Upon graduation from The Gid dings School, each student goes their separate way. For many, going back to institutions and detention centers was their next stop in their journey. Others went back to their respective homes with their families. Many of these students managed to change their lives for the better and become someone they never thought they could.They are the rehabilitation success stories for The Giddings School. Sadly however, there are many that are not rehabilitated and eventually return to correctional facilities. This book is an intense story about rehabilitation and hope within the juvenile justice system. The young men and young women at Giddings can go through years of intense therapy and counseling. Only after they learn how to deal with their past and the pain they have endured, can they begin to heal. Most kids enter Giddings with no feelings of love, self worth, respect for others, or hope.However, through very structured program administered by loving therapist and staff members, most st udents begin to realize that though they have made mistakes, they too are loved. This book would be an outstanding reference for anyone interested in learning about a more positive approach to rehabilitating violent youth offenders who seem to have no hope. The Giddings School consistently provides some of the best results in the county. At Giddings, kids with no hope they leave with feeling of self worth, love, and sometimes even a new family.

Essay about Marie Antoinette - 1467 Words

Archduchess of Austria and Queen of France The future Queen of France was born on All Souls Day, 2nd November, 1755, in Vienna as the youngest daughter of Maria Theresa and the Emperor Franz Stephan. She was baptized under the names Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna. A glorious future seemed to await the little Archduchess. Not only would she grow up in the bosom of a large and affectionate family, but from the very beginning her mother intended to marry her youngest daughter to the glittering Crown of France. The traditional marriage politics of the Habsburgs would secure her beloved daughter a brilliant position and help guarantee the peace and stability of Europe at the same time. In view of these intentions, it is surprising that†¦show more content†¦Having once arrived in Versailles, the young and inexperienced Marie Antoinette (as she would be called from now on) easily got into difficulties in a Court full of gossip and intrigue. She was not given by nature to diplomacy and reflection, and in the artificial and pleasure-loving atmosphere of Versailles her personality found hardly any chance for development. Her choice of amusements and occupations remained superficial and frivolous. Her husband, the Dauphin Louis-Auguste, was a shy and rather awkward young man, who remained unable to consummate the marriage for seven years. This fact alone brought a lot of criticism and mockery down on the head of the childless Austrian woman. Marie Antoinette escaped into a world of amusement. She feared nothing so much as boredom. With her two brothers-in-law as companions, she dedicated herself to the theatre, to balls and to card games. In 1774 the old King died, and the Dauphin acceded to the throne of France as Louis XVI. The young princess was now Queen of France. The Empress Maria Theresa back in Vienna knew her daughter well, and she was apprehensive that Marie Antoinette should have to bear the burden of a crown so early in life. In a series of letters full of advice and admonitions, the mother tried to guide her daughter along the right paths, butShow MoreRelatedMarie Antoinette Essay632 Words   |  3 PagesMarie Antoinette Marie Antoinette is possibly one of the most famous French Monarchs. Born an Austrian princess, she because one of the last monarchs to rule the French, Marie Antoinette has had a major impact on French History but, most importantly, the French Revolution. Unfortunately, she isn’t remembered as a great queen or ruler, but because of the way her and her husband died on the guillotine. Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755. Her mother was the Empress Maria Theresa and herRead MoreThe Portrait Of Marie Antoinette863 Words   |  4 Pagesartwork I decided to do my research and write about is the portrait of Marie Antoinette with her Children. I found this portrait very interested in me; I am going to give you a brief information on the artist of the artwork. This portrait was by Elisabeth Louise Vigee-Lerun and the portrait is oil on canvas, 9’  ½Ã¢â‚¬  x 7’5/8†. The portrait was created in 1700 in France. It’s a portrait of a French queen who is Marie Antoinette along with her children as a good mother to her children, but there isRead MoreEssay on Marie-Antoinette1384 Words   |  6 PagesMaria Antonia Josepha Joanna, later known as Marie-Antoinette, was born on 02 November 1755. At 13 years of age, Marie was sent to France to begin her relationship with the Dauphin of France, Louis XVI. In 1770, at the age of 15, she an d the Louis XVI were married in Vienna, then taking the throne in 1774. 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The heir was Louis XVI, who was a very dullRead More Marie Antoinette Essay2066 Words   |  9 Pagesbiggest mistake Louie made was when he bribed the Austrian princess Marie Antoniette at the age of fifteen . Because of Antoniette and Louie’s passion for her France underwent a horrible time period. She is the worst queen France has ever seen. Blinded by beauty, she led to Louie’s death and the uprising of the French people. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Louie upon taking his first glance at Marie was breathtaking. Marie Antoinette is depicted as an absolute beauty . But beauty is at the eye of theRead More Biography of Marie Antoinette Essay2100 Words   |  9 PagesBiography of Marie Antoinette Born with the name Antonia, Marie Antoinette was born in Vienna, Austria on November 2, 1755. Marie-Antoinette was one of the 16 children of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa, queen of Hungary and Bohemia. She was the youngest and most beautiful daughter of all. Marie Antoinette was brought up believing her destiny was to become queen of France. Marie Antoinettes first child was Marie Therese Charlotte(Madame Royale). Unpopular Queen Marie AntoinetteRead MoreThe Truth About Marie Antoinette1305 Words   |  6 Pages Sombillo 1 Alysia Sombillo World History Mrs. Ray World History Research Paper Draft 3-3-16 The Truth about Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755, in Vienna, Austria. Marie Antoinette was a queen that ruled with a powerful, wealthy, fist. She was a foreign wife and queen once she married King Louis XVI of France. Throughout her rule over France, Marie Antoinette was kept under a light of ignorance by the people, and therefore, should not be blamed for their suffering, theRead MoreEssay about Marie Antoinette658 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Marie Antoinette FMM 1200 Marie Antoinette Maria Theresa of Austria thought she was sealing â€Å"a favorable alliance between France and Austria† (New World Encyclopedia) by having her daughter, Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna, marry Louis XVI, but she was actually unknowingly giving her a chance to make fashion history. Life History When Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna wed Louis XVI, she was told to leave everything behind; her Austrian clothes, possessions, servants, her animal and even her name